ADP - SOCIAL SCIENCE DATA ARCHIVES

corder Country order number (alphabetical)

Country order number (alphabetical)

Valid range from 1 to 34

year Year

Year

Valid range from 1990 to 2012

lustr Lustration

Lustration - A scale based on the number of screened persons per capita.

Valid range from 0 to 7

lus2 Lustration Binary

Lustration Binary - Dichotomized lustration dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

lusadop Lustration Adoption

Lustration Adoption - A scale measuring the degree to which a lustration program has been adopted through legislative or executive procedures.

Valid range from 0 to 3

scrpcstd Lustr. Impl. Trichotomized

Lustration Implemented Trichotomized

Valid range from 0 to 3

scrpop Lustration Implement.PC (Number of screened persons per capita in a given year; in percent.)

Lustration Implement.PC - Variable measuring the number of screened persons per capita in a given year (in percent).

Valid range from 0 to 0.490911384789

lp Lustration program: Sum of scores for the scope of LPs sub dimensions (past/protected positions and method)

Lustration program - Sum of scores for the scope of lustration programs subdimensions (past/protected positions and method). Sub-dimensions: 1 = harsh, 0.5 = mild, 0 = absent.

Valid range from 0 to 3

past LP: Past Targets

LP: Past Targets

Valid range from 0 to 1

present LP: Protected Targets

LP: Protected Targets

Valid range from 0 to 1

method LP: Method

LP: Method

Valid range from 0 to 1

logsize Country Size (Surface area; in square kilometers; natural log)

Country Size - Surface area (in square kilometers; natural log).

Valid range from 9.295324695881 to 16.924669726288

logbruss Distance to Brussels (from countrys capital; in kilometers; natural log)

Distance to Brussels - Distance between Brussels and a countrys capital (in kilometers; natural log); time invariant.

Valid range from 6.478509642209 to 8.557759153163

logprag Distance to Prague (from countrys capital; in kilometers; natural log)

Distance to Prague - Distance between Prague and a countrys capital (in kilometers; natural log); time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 8.753371421001

czeprox Diffusion

Diffusion - Dummy variable; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

euarea European neighborhood

European neighborhood - Dummy variable; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

fsu Former Soviet Union (A country is a successor state of the Soviet Union.)

Former Soviet Union - A country is a successor state of the Soviet Union; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

fyu Former Yugoslavia (A country is a successor state of Yugoslavia.)

Former Yugoslavia - A country is a successor state of Yugoslavia; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

relig Religious legacy

Religious legacy - Religious/cultural heritage; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 3

imper Imperial legacy

Imperial legacy - Time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 3

statecre State creation period (The period in which state is created - regardless of potential subsequent occupation.)

State creation period - The period in which a state is created (regardless of potential subsequent occupation); time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 4

post89 Post-89 state creation

Post-89 state creation - State created after 1989 for the first time; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

post18 Post-18 state creation

Post-18 state creation - State created after 1918 for the first time; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

statecon State age (Continuance of independence since the creation of a state.)

State age - Continuance of independence since the creation of a state; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 3

occupy Occupation (Independence crushed by a communist state.)

Occupation - Independence crushed by a communist state; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

inter Interwar regime type (Average Polity II Regime score 1919-1939.)

Interwar regime type - Average Polity II Regime score 1919-1939; time invariant.

Valid range from -8.1111 to 7

axis Axis Powers membership

Axis Powers membership - Membership in the Axis alliance; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 3

wp Warsaw Pact membership (until 1989/90)

Warsaw Pact membership - Membership in the Warsaw Pact until 1989/90; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

commdur Duration of communism (Number of years under the communist rule.)

Duration of communism - Number of years under the communist rule; time invariant.

Valid range from 41 to 72

commbur Communist bureaucracy (Level of formal communist bureaucratization.)

Communist bureaucracy - Level of formal communist bureaucratization; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 5

postwwii Post-war regime type (Average Polity 2 regime scores for a countrys post-war communist period.)

Post-war regime type - Average Polity 2 regime scores for a countrys post-war communist period; time invariant.

Valid range from -8.9111 to -6.4318

crush Crushing mass dissent (A countrys experience of violent crush of massive organized dissent.)

Crushing mass dissent - A countrys experience of violent crush of massive organized dissent, time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

pts80 State terror 1980s (Political Terror Scale, average 1980 - transition.)

State terror 1980s - Political Terror Scale, average 1980 – transition; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 5

pts2 State terror at transition (PTS average two years before transition.)

State terror at transition - PTS average two years before transition.

Valid range from 1 to 5

transyrs Time since transition (Years -before and- since the transition.)

Time since transition - Years (before and) since the transition.

Valid range from -2 to 23

wave Lustration waves

Lustration waves - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

electord First elections sequence (Chronological placement of first country election in regards to other states.)

First elections sequence - Chronological placement of first country election in regards to other states; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 29

balance Power balance at transition (After the first multiparty legislative elections demonstrate the balance of power in favor of.)

Power balance at transition - After the first multiparty legislative elections demonstrate the balance of power in favor of; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 3

lib89 Economic liberalization 89 (Unweighted mean of the eight EBRD indicators of progress in transition.)

Economic liberalization 89 - Unweighted mean of the eight EBRD indicators of progress in transition; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 0.41

lib94 Economic liberalization 94 (Unweighted mean of the eight EBRD indicators of progress in transition; for 1994.)

Economic liberalization 94 - Unweighted mean of the eight EBRD indicators of progress in transition; for 1994; time invariant.

Valid range from 0.03 to 0.7

lib00 Economic liberalization 00 (Unweighted mean of the eight EBRD indicators of progress in transition; for 2000.)

Economic liberalization 00 - Unweighted mean of the eight EBRD indicators of progress in transition; for 2000; time invariant;.

Valid range from 0.1 to 0.83

ethcomm Largest pre-89 ethnic group (The largest ethnic group as a proportion of total population, prior to 1989.)

Largest pre-89 ethnic group - The largest ethnic group as a proportion of total population, prior to 1989; time invariant.

Valid range from 39.5 to 98.5

supreg90 Supporting Regime 90 (Public support for the new post-communist system of government.)

Supporting Regime 90 - Public support for the new post-communist system of government.

Valid range from 14 to 71

supreg06 Supporting Regime 06 (Public support for the new post-communist system of government.)

Supporting Regime 06 - Public support for the new post-communist system of government.

Valid range from 51 to 75

cultdiv Cultural diversity (Between groups; in percent)

Cultural diversity - Measuring cultural differences between groups, in percent; time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

ethfra Ethnic fractionalization

Ethnic fractionalization - Time invariant.

Valid range from 0 to 1

largemin Largest minority share (Population share of the second largest group-largest minority.)

Largest minority share - Population share of the second largest group (largest minority); time invariant.

Valid range from 0.0130000002682 to 0.358000010252

plural Plurality group (The population share of the largest group - plurality group, in the country.)

Plurality group - The population share of the largest group (plurality group) in the country; time invariant.

Valid range from 0.3619999885559 to 0.9760000109673

alrelig Religious fractionalization (Share of religions in a country in early 1990s. Higher the ratio, the more religiously heterogeneous is a country.)

Religious fractionalization - Share of religions in a country in early 1990s. Higher the ratio, the more religiously heterogeneous is a country.

Valid range from 0.171181604266 to 0.685085713863

ethexcl Ethnic exclusion (Percentage share of excluded population in total politically relevant population in a given year.)

Ethnic exclusion - Percentage share of excluded population in total politically relevant population in a given year.

Valid range from 0 to 0.417

pts State terror (PTS per year)

State terror - Political Terror Scale, per year.

Valid range from 1 to 5

inttot Interstate violence and war (Major Episodes of Political Violence (MEPV): score of international violence and warfare involving that state.)

Interstate violence and war - Major Episodes of Political Violence (MEPV): score of international violence and warfare involving that state.

Valid range from 0 to 10

civtot Societal violence (Total summed magnitudes of all societal MEPV involving that state in that year.)

Societal violence - Total summed magnitudes of all societal MEPV involving that state in that year.

Valid range from 0 to 10

acttot Total violence (Total summed magnitudes of societal and interstate violence.)

Total violence - Total summed magnitudes of societal and interstate violence.

Valid range from 0 to 7

militgdp Military costs (as percent of GDP)

Military costs - Military expenditure as percent of GDP.

Valid range from 0.362140383283 to 19.093449239367

logpopul Population size (The number of individuals in a country by year.)

Population size - The number of individuals in a country by year (natural log).

Valid range from 13.34881983498 to 19.495845512164

popdensi Population density (Population per country by year.)

Population density - Population per country by year.

Valid range from 5.503698559099 to 236.635990940627

urbtotl Urban share (Urban population; % of total.)

Urban share - Urban population (% of total).

Valid range from 26.4 to 75.2

youth34 Youth share (Percentage of total youth population 15 to 34 years old; both males and females.)

Youth share - Percentage of total youth population 15 to 34 years old (both males and females).

Valid range from 22.98 to 39.37

male34 Youth share, males (Percentage of total youth population 15 to 34 years, males.)

Youth share, males - Percentage of total youth population 15 to 34 years old (males).

Valid range from 11.81 to 19.83

female34 Youth share, females (Percentage of total youth population 15 to 34 years, females.)

Youth share, females - Percentage of total youth population 15 to 34 years old (females).

Valid range from 11.17 to 19.54

gdpcapth GDP/capita (in 1,000)

GDP/capita - GDP per capita a year at PPP (constant 2005 international $), in thousands.

Valid range from 0.860871365266 to 34.765901340735

logfdi Foreign investment

Foreign investment - Foreign direct investment, net inflows (current US$; natural log).

Valid range from 6.907755278982 to 26.070780097356

fdigdp FDIs share of GDP

FDIs share of GDP - Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP).

Valid range from -14.369046766189 to 51.05552404482

oilrents Oil rents (The difference between the value of crude oil production at world prices and total costs of production.)

Oil rents - The difference between the value of crude oil production at world prices and total costs of production.

Valid range from 0 to 61.890195243488

logaideu Bilateral aid from EU (Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Union institutions.)

Bilateral aid from EU - Net bilateral aid flows from DAC donors, European Union institutions (current US$; natural log).

Valid range from 0 to 20.819511942272

tert91 Education tertiary 1991 (School enrollment; % gross.)

Education tertiary 1991 - School enrollment, tertiary (% gross) in 1991.

Valid range from 6.92201 to 52.07608

tert07 Education tertiary 2007 (School enrollment; % gross.)

Education tertiary 2007 - School enrollment, tertiary (% gross) in 2007.

Valid range from 9.9892 to 85.03286

cpi Corruption (CPI) - Perceived levels of corruption by year.

Corruption (CPI) - Perceived levels of corruption by year.

Valid range from 0 to 10

corr Corruption (FH) - Public perceptions of corruption (and other criteria) by year.

Corruption (FH) - Public perceptions of corruption (and other criteria) by year; the original 1-7 FH scale was reversed.

Valid range from 1 to 7

avgcorr Corruption average (based on the 1999-2010/11 period)

Corruption average - Based on the 1999-2010/11 period; time invariant.

Valid range from 2.17 to 6.46

jud Judicial framework

Judicial framework - Constitutional reform, HR protections, judicial independence, etc.; FH scale reversed.

Valid range from 1 to 7

avgjud Judicial framework average (based on the 1997-2010/11 period)

Judicial framework average - Based on the 1997-2010/11 period; time invariant.

Valid range from 1.07 to 6.39

fhpr Political rights (FH democracy)

Political rights (FH democracy) - Each pair of political rights (PR) and civil liberties (CL) ratings is averaged to determine an overall status of "Free, Partly Free or Not Free"; FH scale reversed.

Valid range from 1 to 7

fhcl Civil liberties

Civil liberties - Each pair of political rights (PR) and civil liberties (CL) ratings is averaged to determine an overall status of "Free, Partly Free or Not Free"; FH scale reversed.

Valid range from 1 to 7

demgov Democratic governance (NITs national democratic governance score, examining the character and stability of the governmental system.)

Democratic governance - NITs national democratic governance score, examining the character and stability of the governmental system.

Valid range from 1 to 7

elpro Electoral process (NITs measure examining elections, electoral processes, the development of multiparty systems, and popular participation.)

Electoral process - NITs measure examining elections, electoral processes, the development of multiparty systems, and popular participation.

Valid range from 1 to 7

avgelpro Electoral process (average based on 1997-2010/11 period)

Electoral process - Based on 1997-2010/11 period; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 6.53

polity2 Polity IV regime (Revised combined polity score)

Polity IV regime - Revised combined polity score.

Valid range from -10 to 10

durable Regime durability (The number of years since the most recent regime change.)

Regime durability - The number of years since the most recent regime change.

Valid range from 0 to 20

xrcomp Competitive exec. recruitment (A measure of the extent to which subordinates have equal opportunities to become super-ordinates.)

Competitive exec. recruitment - A measure of the extent to which subordinates have equal opportunities to become super-ordinates.

Valid range from 1 to 3

xconst Executive constraints (The extent of institutionalized constraints on the decision-making powers of chief executives.)

Executive constraints - The extent of institutionalized constraints on the decisionmaking powers of chief executives.

Valid range from 1 to 7

polcomp Political competition (The index measures the degree of institutionalization of political competition and the extent of government restriction on political competition.)

Political competition - The index measures the degree of institutionalization of political competition and the extent of government restriction on political competition.

Valid range from 1 to 10

ppi Presidental power (The index is based on the presidential powers stipulated in a countrys constitution. Higher the number on the scale, more power is granted to president by constitution.)

Presidental power - The index is based on the presidential powers stipulated in a countrys constitution. Higher the number on the scale, more power is granted to president by constitution.

Valid range from -2 to 22.5

system System of the executive

System of the executive - The executive system of a country.

Valid range from 1 to 3

avagemp1 Legislators age at term (Average age at election of all MPs.)

Legislators age at term - Average age at election of all MPs.

Valid range from 42.36 to 55.1

avagemp2 Legislators age at year (Average age at year of all MPs.)

Legislators age at year - Average age at year of all MPs.

Valid range from 42.36 to 59.35

leadeage Leaders age (in a given year)

Leaders age - Age of each leader in a given year; data available until 2004.

Valid range from 31 to 80

yrsoffc Executive in office (Years are counted in which the chief executive was in power.)

Executive in office - Years are counted in which the chief executive was in power.

Valid range from 0 to 21

execage Executives party age (Party age from the first year that the party was founded under its current name.)

Executives party age - Party age from the first year that the party was founded under its current name.

Valid range from 0 to 23

gov1age Party age: Gov 1 (largest) - (Largest [2nd, 3rd] government partys age; time since formation.)

Party age: Gov 1 (largest) - Largest [2nd, 3rd] government partys age; time since formation.

Valid range from 1 to 24

gov2age Party age: Gov 2 (Largest 2nd government partys age; time since formation.)

Party age: Gov 2 - Largest 2nd government partys age; time since formation.

Valid range from 1 to 23

gov3age Party age: Gov 3 (Largest 3rd government partys age; time since formation.)

Party age: Gov 3 - Largest 3rd government partys age; time since formation.

Valid range from 1 to 21

opp1age Party age: Opp1 (Largest opposition partys age; time since formation.)

Party age: Opp1 - Largest opposition partys age; time since formation.

Valid range from 1 to 23

partsz Largest partys size (Counts the largest partys number of seats divided by the legislative assemblies total number of seats, expressed in fractions.)

Largest partys size - Counts the largest partys number of seats divided by the legislative assemblies total number of seats, expressed in fractions. Data until 2008.

Valid range from 0.054545454681 to 1

numvote Government vote share (The total vote share of all government parties per parliament; percentage.)

Government vote share - The total vote share of all government parties per parliament; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 100

oppvote Opposition vote share (Records the total vote share of all opposition parties per parliament; percentage.)

Opposition vote share - Records the total vote share of all opposition parties per parliament; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 56.06

gov1vote Party share: Gov 1 (largest) - (The vote share of the largest [2nd 3rd] government or opposition party; percentage.)

Party share: Gov 1 (largest) - The vote share of the largest [2nd 3rd] government or opposition party; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 100

gov2vote Party share: Gov 2 (The vote share of the 2nd largest government party; Percentage.)

Party share: Gov 2 - The vote share of the 2nd largest government party; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 38.71

gov3vote Party share: Gov 3 (The vote share of the 3rd largest government party; Percentage.)

Party share: Gov 3 - The vote share of the 3rd largest government party; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 25.833333333

opp1vote Party share: Opp 1 (The vote share of the largest opposition party; Percentage.)

Party share: Opp 1 - The vote share of the largest opposition party; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 53.435114504

opp2vote Party share: Opp 2 (The vote share of the 2nd largest opposition party; Percentage.)

Party share: Opp 2 - The vote share of the 2nd largest opposition party; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 21.3

opp3vote Party share: Opp 3 (The vote share of the 3rd largest opposition party; Percentage.)

Party share: Opp 3 - The vote share of the 3rd largest opposition party; percentage.

Valid range from 0 to 12.81

execrlc Executive political orientation (in regrads to economic policy)

Executive political orientation - Executive (Party) orientation in regards to economic policy.

Valid range from 0 to 3

gov1t Nationalists in government

Nationalists in government - The governments largest party is listed as nationalist.

Valid range from 0 to 1

opp1t Nationalists in opposition

Nationalists in opposition - The opposition’s largest party is listed as nationalist.

Valid range from 0 to 1

percent1 Presidents 1st round share (The percentage of votes a president gets in the 1st round. If not an election year, records most recent election.)

Presidents 1st round share - The percentage of votes a president gets in the 1st round; If not an election year, records most recent election.

Valid range from 19.7 to 99.6

election Election year

Election year

Valid range from 0 to 1

yrstoele Years to election (Denotes how many years needed to the next election.)

Years to election - Denotes how many years needed to the next election.

Valid range from 0 to 5

proxelec Proximity to elections (Denotes years difference from election.)

Proximity to elections - Denotes years difference from election.

Valid range from 0 to 4

fraud Voter fraud (Extra-constitutional irregularities. If not an election year, records most recent election.)

Voter fraud - Extra-constitutional irregularities. If not an election year, refers to most recent election.

Valid range from 0 to 1

pr Proportional representation

Proportional representation

Valid range from 0 to 1

cl Closed lists

Closed lists

Valid range from 0 to 1

appleu EU applicant status

EU applicant status - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

joineu EU entry year

EU entry year - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

membeu EU membership year

EU membership year - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

natomemb NATO membership

NATO membership - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

natoscal NATO affiliation scale

NATO affiliation scale

Valid range from 1 to 4

civsoc Civil society (Assesses NGOs growth, organizational capacity, sustainability and political environment.)

Civil society - Assesses NGOs growth, organizational capacity, sustainability and political environment. FH scale reversed.

Valid range from 1 to 7

avcivsoc Civil society average (from the 1997-2010 period)

Civil society average - From the 1997-2010 period; time invariant.

Valid range from 1 to 6.7

discpol Political interest (Percentage of respondents who frequently discuss politics; data for 1995.)

Political interest - Percentage of respondents who frequently discuss politics; data for 1995.

Valid range from 9.15 to 23.14

friends Process-based trust (Percentage of respondents who value friends a lot; 1995.)

Process-based trust - Percentage of respondents who value friends a lot; 1995.

Valid range from 19.14 to 67.84

legtrust Confidence in legal system (Confidence mean scores in the institution; 1995.)

Confidence in legal system - Confidence mean scores in the institution; 1995.

Valid range from 1 to 4

govtrust Confidence in government (Confidence mean scores in the institution; 1995.)

Confidence in government - Confidence mean scores in the institution; 1995.

Valid range from 1 to 4

partrust Confidence in parliament (Confidence mean scores in the institution; 1995.)

Confidence in parliament - Confidence mean scores in the institution; 1995.

Valid range from 1 to 4

popparty Population active in parties (in percentage; in 1995)

Population active in parties - Percentage of the population active in political parties; in 1995; time invariant.

Valid range from 0.43 to 13.17

trials Trials

Trials - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

truthcom Truth commissions

Truth commissions - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

amnes Amnesties

Amnesties - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

repar Reparations

Reparations - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

luspol Lustration Policies

Lustration Policies - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1

trc95per TRC South Africa

TRC South Africa - Dummy variable.

Valid range from 0 to 1